烃类包裹体被用于含油气盆地中油气的生成、 运移、 聚集等研究中, 确定其中的烃类分子类型具有重要意义。 激光拉曼光谱技术作为单个流体包裹体非破坏性分析技术受到广泛重视, 但在烃类包裹体研究方面受到两个方面的制约, 一是油气烃类物质的复杂性导致不好识别; 二是大部分烃类包裹体会发荧光而覆盖了拉曼信号。 通过对大量石油组分常见的烃类分子拉曼光谱特征统计, 总结了饱和链状烷烃和芳香烃的拉曼特征。 结果显示, 碳数大于10的正构烷烃可通过1 438, 2 890和2 850 cm-1三个拉曼峰组合识别, 而异构化烷烃（以C8H18为例）C—C（1 450 cm-1±）和C—H（2 875 cm-1±）的最强拉曼峰组合可作为识别含一个支链的异构烷烃的标志, 含两个支链的异构烷烃有一个稳定的拉曼强峰在2 875 cm-1。 含一个苯环的芳香烃可通过在1 600 cm-1附近的稳定双峰确定; 以1 005 cm-1和3 060 cm-1两个特征峰组成的强拉曼组合峰可识别苯环上含单个支链的芳香烃; 1 250 cm-1±和2 910～2 920 cm-1的拉曼强峰组合可识别苯环上含三个支链的芳香烃。 含两个苯环的芳香烃不仅在1 600 cm-1处有稳定的拉曼双峰, 而且在2 800～3 300 cm-1范围内具有一稳定的最强拉曼峰（3 060 cm-1）。 本次总结的规律可以用于识别烃类包裹体中的链烷烃和芳香烃, 而分析结果表明短波长光源（蓝光到紫外光）的拉曼光谱仪分析烃类包裹体可以有效避免荧光干扰。

Hydrocarbon inclusions play an important role in the study of petroleum-bearing basin in terms of the generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons. It's important to understand petroleum basin by determining hydrocarbon molecules in hydrocarbon inclusions. Laser Raman spectroscopy has been widely used as a non-destructive assay methods for individual fluid inclusion analysis. However, this method is restricted in two aspects of the application on the hydrocarbon inclusion. One is that the complexity of petroleum which molecular is difficult to be identified. Another is that the Raman signal is usually covered by the fluorescence of most hydrocarbon inclusion. This article summarizes Raman spectroscopic characteristics of chain alkanes (n-alkanes and iso-alkanes) and aromatic hydrocarbons. According to our statistical results, some important conclusions can be reached. The normal alkanes of carbon number more than 10 can be identified by three Raman bands at 1 438, 2 890 and 2 850 cm-1. Iso-alkanes (take C8H18 as an example) containing two chains can be identified by a stable strong Raman peak at 2 875 cm-1. The strongest Raman peak combination of C—C (1 450 cm-1) and C—H (2 875 cm-1) is the evidence of the iso-alkanes containing one chain. Aromatic hydrocarbon containing one benzene ring can be identified by stable Raman band 1 600 cm-1 with two peaks. The combination of strongest Raman peaks of 1 005 and 3 060 cm-1 is the evidence of the aromatic hydrocarbon containing single chain, while the strongest Raman peaks of 1 250 and 2 910～2 920 cm-1 are the evidence of the aromatic hydrocarbon containing three chains. Aromatic hydrocarbons containing two benzene rings can be identified by stable Raman bandat 1 600 cm-1 double peaks and a strongest Raman peaks at 3 060 cm-1. All these typical Raman bands can be used to identify alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The Raman spectroscopy-meter with short wavelength exciting light (blue to ultraviolet light) can effectively avoid fluorescence interference.