热液硫化物型脉状矿作为一类复杂硫化矿, 其区域特征、 成矿规律及矿物成份已有初步研究。 由于成矿时期的不同, 矿石中有用矿物的特征存在较大差异, 导致不同矿物的性质变化较大。 在选矿过程中, 矿物性质的差异一定程度增加了选矿难度, 减少了有用矿物回收率。 因此, 迫切需要一种快速、 简单的对复杂硫化矿进行分类的方法, 进而提高选矿指标。 激光拉曼光谱技术作为一种能够分析物质结构信息的手段, 已被应用于矿物的成份鉴定和结构分析。 通过对大量矿物样本的激光拉曼光谱的研究, 结合矿物性质深入揭示其光谱差异的原因, 提出了一种基于拉曼光谱的复杂硫化矿矿源分类方法。 实验结果表明: 由于此类复杂硫化矿成矿时期的差异, 从而造成矿物结构和性质存在较大差异。 荧光主要由原矿中的脉石矿物产生, 猝灭矿物中瞒石的荧光背景后可知201.62, 242.54, 288.38和309.77 cm-1处拉曼峰可以作为此类硫化矿的拉曼指纹谱。 为此, 基于此类硫化矿的荧光强度和代表谱峰强度与荧光背景比值可以将矿源分为三类, 并利用工业试验结果进一步验证分类方法的准确性。 本研究深入分析了此类复杂硫化矿的激光拉曼光谱与其矿物性质与类别之间的密切关系, 提出了矿源快速分类方法, 矿样无需经过复杂的化学前处理过程, 对提高选矿作业效率具有重要应用价值。

The regional features, metallogenitic regularities and mineral composition of the hydrothermal sulphide ore have been preliminarily studied. According to the different mineralization period, the patterns of valuable minerals disseminated in ore are complicated, which causes the large changes in the properties of the sulphide ore. The different properties of the sulphide ore may increase the difficulty of the mineral processing and reduce the recovery rate of valuable minerals. Therefore a simple method for rapidly classification of sulphide ore is required to optimize mineral processing flowsheet. Laser Raman spectrometry, as an effective method to analyze the structure of the material is used to identify the component and structure of minerals. The research on the Laser Raman spectra of the large number of sulphide ore samples can reveal the reasons for the difference of the Raman spectra. A new method for classifying the complex sulphide ore using Raman spectroscopy is proposed. The experiment results demonstrate that the properties of the sulphide ore in different mineralization period vary greatly and the fluorescent scattering is mainly produced by gangue minerals. The measured Raman spectral after quenching the fluorescence scattering show the peaks of Raman spectra at 201.62, 242.54, 288.38 and 309.77 cm-1 can be used to identify this kind of complex sulphide ore. The raw ore can be divided into three categories based on the difference of the intensity of fluorescence scattering and the ratio of fluorescence and Raman intensity. The accuracy of the classification method is further validated by the industrial tests. The findings demonstrate the close relationship between Raman spectra and the properties of sulphide ore. The proposed method, which can fast classify the sulphide ore, don’t need complex chemical pretreatment before spectra collection. Therefore, this method will have important application value for improving the efficiency of mineral processing.