量子纠缠微波信号是微波频段的连续变量纠缠态,在固态量子信息处理、量子计算机和 量子通信等领域有巨大的应用前景。在超导条件下利用泵浦信号驱动约瑟夫森结可以产生纠缠微波。 简述了约瑟夫森参量放大器、约瑟夫森环形调制器和约瑟夫森混合器3种参量设备,介绍了2种基于 超导约瑟夫森结的双路径量子纠缠微波生成方案,比较了它们的异同,并指出了目前存在的问题, 预测了纠缠微波未来的研究方向和发展趋势。

Quantum entanglement microwave signal is a continuous-variable entangled state in microwave frequency band. It has a great application prospect in the field of solid state quantum information processing, quantum computer and quantum communications. The entanglement microwave can be generated by using Josephson junction driven by pump signal in the environment of superconductivity. Three parametric devices of Josephson parametric amplifier, Josephson ring modulator and Josephson mixer are reviewed in brief. Two dual-path quantum entanglement microwave schemes based on superconducting Josephson junctions are introduced. The similarities and differences of them are compared, and the problems existing at present are pointed out. The future research direction and development tend of entanglement microwave are predicted.