分析了灰霾污染天气条件下气溶胶的物理光学特性,研究了PM2.5污染物粒子的主要成分,包含硫酸铵、硫酸、硝酸铵和碳质气溶胶等粒子。运用Mie散射理论 对此类灰霾粒子的光散射特性进行了研究,分析计算了上述几种粒子组分的散射、吸收、消光效率因子以及散射相函数。结果表明硫酸铵、硫酸和硝酸铵 粒子主要以散射作用为主,吸收效应很弱几乎为零,且散射效率因子随尺度参数振荡衰减最终趋于常数2,而碳质气溶胶粒子则表现出较强的吸收效应。 最后对比不同半径不同粒子的散射相函数,结果表明粒子相函数对粒子大小和复折射率较为敏感,且前后向散射具有一定的对称性。 该研究结果可用于大气污染光学遥感监测。

Physical-optical properties of aerosols in the pollution haze weather are analyzed, and the main ingredients of PM2.5 is studied, including ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid, ammonium nitrate and carbonaceous aerosol particles. The scattering characteristics of the particles in haze are studied by using Mie theory, and the properties of scattering, absorption, extinction efficiency factor and scattering phase function of the above four components are analyzed. Results show that ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid and ammonium nitrate particles have strong-scattering effect, but slight absorbtion effect, and the scattering efficiency factor attenuates oscillatorily with the increase of size parameter, eventually close to constant 2, while the carbonaceous aerosol particles show a greater absorption effect. Finally, by comparing scattering phase functions of different particles with the different radius, it shows that the phase function of particle is more sensitive to size and complex refractive index, and the forward and backward scattering has a certain degree of symmetry. The results can be used for optical remote sensing monitoring of air pollution.