采用凝聚炸药爆轰和气相爆轰分别制备碳包铜纳米颗粒,并利用XRD,Raman和TEM等方法对合成纳米产物进行对比分析。其中凝聚炸药爆轰法以柠檬酸铜干凝胶、油酸和黑索金为原料按照一定比例配成爆炸源,在氮气的保护氛围中引爆; 而气相爆轰法以乙酰丙酮铜为原料,分别以H2和O2,H2和空气为爆炸源,在负氧条件下引爆。通过XRD,Raman和TEM分析结果表明,两类爆轰法均可得到分散性良好的碳包覆铜纳米颗粒,碳壳石墨化程度较高。气相爆轰可以合成10 nm以下的纳米晶粒,而凝聚炸药爆轰合成的晶粒尺寸在20~40 nm,且存在较多空壳结构; 气相爆轰产物其碳壳尺寸在2~3 nm,凝聚炸药爆轰产物其碳壳尺寸在2~5 nm。

In order to compare the properties of nanoparticles synthesized from gaseous detonation and condensed explosives detonation, we carried out the investigation utilizing XRD, Raman and TEM methods. Condensed explosives detonation used cupric citrate xerogel as material, and detonated in the protection of nitrogen atmosphere; gaseous detonation used acetylacetone copper as material, detonated under the negative oxygen conditions with the explosion sources of H2 and O2, H2 and air. The results of XRD, Raman and TEM analyses show that the carbon encapsulated copper nanoparticles with good dispersibility can be obtained by both two detonation methods, and the degree of graphitization of carbon shell is high. Gaseous detonation can synthesize nanocrystals below 10 nm, and the size of nanocrystals by condensed explosives detonation is between 20-40 nm, and there are more empty shells. The gaseous detonation product has a carbon shell size between 2 and 3 nm, and the condensed explosive detonation product has a carbon shell size between 2 and 5 nm.