发光学报, 2017, 38 (7): 897, 网络出版: 2017-07-05   

利用PNA添加剂来调控钙钛矿薄膜结晶和覆盖率实现高效太阳能电池

Tuning The Crystal-growth and Coverage of Perovskite Thin-films for Highly Efficient Solar Cells by Using Polyacrylonitrile Additive
作者单位
1 兰州交通大学 光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070
2 兰州工业学院 土木工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730050
3 兰州工业学院 电气工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730050
摘要
钙钛矿薄膜形貌的控制是一个提高太阳能电池能量转换效率的关键问题, 而引入添加剂是解决这一问题的一种有效而简便的方法。利用聚丙烯腈(PNA)作为CH3NH3PbI3前驱体溶液溶剂添加剂, 通过其浓度可以调控钙钛矿薄膜结晶和表面的覆盖率。本文通过SEM、XRD以及UV-Vis研究了PNA掺杂CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿薄膜后的表面形貌、结晶度和光学性能的变化。结果表明, 通过添加少量的PNA可以优化钙钛矿薄膜的性能, 其强烈影响薄膜的结晶过程, 有助于形成均匀连续的薄膜, 减少针孔, 从而增强了钙钛矿层的覆盖率和光吸收。当PNA 的含量为1%(质量分数)时, 钙钛矿太阳能电池的各项性能最佳, 能量转换效率达到了8.38%。与未加PNA 的电池效率(1.31%) 相比, 提高了540%。这些结果表明, PNA可以有效调控钙钛矿薄膜的晶体生长和薄膜形貌, 在钙钛矿太阳能电池的大规模生产过程中是一种可以改善钙钛矿薄膜质量的有效添加剂。
Abstract
For perovskite solar cells, the morphology control of the perovskite thin-films is one of the key questions for improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE). To solve this issue, introduction of additive is proved to be an effective and simple way. Herein, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was used as a solvent additive in the one-step CH3NH3PbI3 precursor solution, and the crystallization and surface coverage of the CH3NH3PbI3 films were controlled by means of adjusting its concentration, by means of adjusting its concentration to control the crystallization and surface coverage of the CH3NH3PbI3 films. Meanwhile, the film crystallinities, morphologies, and optical properties of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite layers are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis. These experiment results show that the perovskite film properties can be optimized just by combining a small number of PAN, and PAN can strongly influence the crystallization process of forming pure CH3NH3PbI3 and facilitate forming the homogenous continuous films with fewer pinholes, which leads to a strengthened crystallization of CH3NH3PbI3 and remarkably improved coverage and light absorption of CH3NH3PbI3 on a planar substrate. After adding 1% mass fraction of PAN, the optimized PCE of CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells was increased from 1.31% to 8.13% for the planar cell structure. These results prove that PNA is an effective additive which could improve the quality of perovskite thin-films and potentially be a new candidate as an easily accessible additive during perovskite solar cells mass production.

李建丰, 吕杰, 赵创, 彭一春, 李彩娟, 夏养君. 利用PNA添加剂来调控钙钛矿薄膜结晶和覆盖率实现高效太阳能电池[J]. 发光学报, 2017, 38(7): 897. LI Jian-feng, LYU Jie, ZHAO Chuang, PENG Yi-chun, LI Cai-juan, XIA Yang-jun. Tuning The Crystal-growth and Coverage of Perovskite Thin-films for Highly Efficient Solar Cells by Using Polyacrylonitrile Additive[J]. Chinese Journal of Luminescence, 2017, 38(7): 897.

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