针对现有的数据采集系统无法兼备通道数多、速度快、实时存储的问题, 提出一种基于可编程逻辑器件和大容量Flash的多传感器动态参数实时采集与存储方法。该系统以FPGA为主控制器, 实现对模数转换芯片的控制与读取时序; 转换后添加校验字节, 通过双FIFO缓存方式实现和Flash的高效率数据交互; 双Flash实现采集数据备份, 增加存储可靠性; 双Flash之间总线相互独立, 提高数据存储速度; 最后通过USB接口实现与上位机的高速数据传递。实验证明: 该系统的单通道采样速率可达2 MHz, 实时存储速率单片Flash可达50 MByte/s字节, 双片可达100 MByte/s, 在强振动动态测试环境下, 能够可靠地采集传感器的输出信号, 采集绝对误差在1 mV以内, 数据无误码率。满足振动测量的稳定可靠、精度高、抗干扰能力强等要求。

In order to solve the problems that the existing data acquisition system cannot have many channels, high speed and real-time storage at the same time, a real-time collection and storage method of multi-sensor dynamic parameters based on FPGA and large-capacity flash was proposed. The system took FPGA as the core processor to control and read the analog-to-digital conversion chip, added check bytes after the conversion, realized the high-efficiency data interaction with the flash through the double FIFO buffers, and used data back-up to increase storage reliability, then it took free-running interfaces between double flash to improve data storage speed. Finally, the core processor communicated with host computer by USB ports to achieve high-speed data transfer. The experimental results show that the acquisition-frequency of system can reach 2 MHz, the rate of real-time storage can come to 50 MByte/s with one Flash and 100 MByte/s with double Flash. Under the condition of strong vibration dynamic testing, this system can reliably collect the output signal from the sensor with the absolute error within 1 mV and without error rate, so it meets the requirements for stabilization, reliability, high precision and anti-interference ability.