为提高2219铝合金的焊接性能, 采用激光清洗工艺对经阳极氧化处理的2219铝合金板材进行焊前预处理。通过研究清洗速度与表面形貌的关系, 阐述了激光清洗对氧化层的作用机制。根据表面形貌以及能谱分析结果可知, 激光清洗可有效地清除2219铝合金表面的氧化层, 而且激光清洗速度直接影响着氧化层去除效果, 这主要是由于铝合金氧化膜激光清洗存在清洗阈值和损伤阈值。当清洗速度为3.5 m/min时, 清洗效果最佳。TIG堆焊结果表明, 经激光清洗后2219铝合金焊接性能得到明显的改善, 堆焊焊缝内气孔明显减少, 达到Ⅰ级焊缝要求。

In order to improve the welding performance of 2219 aluminum alloy, the anodized 2219 aluminum alloy plate is pretreated by laser cleaning process before welding. The mechanism of laser cleaning on oxide layer is revealed by studying the relationship between cleaning speed and surface morphology. According to the results of surface morphology and energy spectrum analysis, laser cleaning can effectively remove the oxide layer on the surface of 2219 aluminum alloy, and the laser cleaning speed directly affects the removal effect of the oxide layer, which is mainly due to the presence of cleaning thresholds and damage thresholds for aluminum alloy oxide film laser cleaning. When the cleaning speed is 3.5 m/min, the cleaning effect is the best. The results of TIG bead welding show that the welding performance of the 2219 aluminum alloy after laser cleaning is obviously improved, and the porosity in the welding seam is obviously reduced to meet the requirements of gradeⅠweld.