针对复杂空间环境下光学遥感器的成像性能模拟测试需求, 设计了一种大动态辐照、高对比度的空间环境模拟系统, 包括太阳模拟器和暗目标模拟器.根据空间太阳光及地表反照光的辐照特性, 采用氙灯电流调节及增加多孔衰减屏法实现太阳模拟器的大范围辐照度可调.通过对材料表面进行散射特性分析, 设计了具有光陷阱结构的暗目标模拟器, 以模拟相机视场内的暗弱观测目标.实验结果表明: 该系统可以出射光斑尺寸为1 000 mm×1 000 mm, 辐照度范围为0.4~1 260 W/m2, 辐照不均匀性可达±4.82%, 暗目标模拟器的消光比可达1×10－7.该装置解决了空间强干扰光背景下暗目标成像性能的定量化测试难题, 为光学遥感器的成像性能检测提供了一个可靠的平台.

In order to test imaging performance of an optical remote sensor in complex space environment, a space environment simulation system with a wide rang irradiation and high contrast is designed, including a solar simulator and a dark target simulator. According to the radiation characteristics of sunlight and earth reflection light, a wide range of solar simulation irradiance is achieved by adjusting xenon lamp current regulation and using attenuation chips. A dark target simulator is designed to simulate the weak observation target, based on the analysis of the scattering characteristics of the material and the design of the reasonable structure. The experimental results show that the irradiance range can reach 0.4~1 260 W/m2 in the 1 000 mm×1 000 mm irradiation area, and the irradiation uniformity can reach ±4.82%.The extinction ratio of the dark target simulator can reach 1×10－7 .The device can solve the problem of the quantitative test of imaging performance for the dark target in the space with strong background light, which provides a reliable platform for the performance test of remote sensor.