对于复杂的室外环境，无线传感器网络如何建立可靠的路由，并尽可能延长全网寿命是一个关键问题。在分析总结现有无线Ad Hoc网络路由协议的优缺点的基础上，提出了一种基于能量与链路稳定性感知的多度量的按需路由协议ELSA-AODV。ELSA-AODV协议是AODV协议的增强与扩展，在保证路由可靠性与稳定性的同时，平衡全网的通信负荷与能量，大大延长了全网的工作寿命。通过仿真实验，验证了ELSA-AODV的有效性。

In the complex outdoor environment, how to establish reliable routing and maximize the network lifetime is a crucial question. In this paper, an improved enhanced Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol (ELSA-AODV) is proposed, which is aware of energy and link-stability factor of routers, to ensure the link-stability and reliable route, energy and load balance, and prolong the network lifetime as far as possible. The experiment and simulation results verify the performance of the proposed scheme.