建立一种简便快速、灵敏准确、无损的检验橡胶鞋底物证的分析方法, 为侦查破案提供线索、指明方向, 为证实犯罪提供科学的依据。利用能量色散型X射线荧光光谱仪, 电压为45 kV, 电流为40 μA, 功率为1.8 kW, 样品量为1.5 cm×1.5 cm, 测试时间60 s。对不同品牌、不同种类的40个橡胶鞋底样品中的无机元素进行定性和半定量分析, 并考查了该方法的重现性。依据样品中所含元素的种类及含量的不同, 可以对不同品牌、同一品牌不同种类的橡胶鞋底样品进行区分。同时, 利用SPSS聚类分析-重心法作为类间定义距离, 对橡胶鞋底样品进行分类, 样品的聚类效果很好。试验结果表明: 利用该方法检验橡胶鞋底样品简便快速、结果准确可靠、重现性好、无需制样且无损检材, 可用于公安机关实际办案。

A convenient and rapid, sensitive and accurate, and non-destructive method was established to analyze rubber sole. It provides clues, indicates investigation direction for the detection, and provides the scientific basis for proving the crime. Rubber sole samples was tested by using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to provide scientific basis for verifying crime. The test parameters were set as the following: voltage was 45 kV, test current was 40 μA, power was 1.8 kW, the size of sample was 1.5 cm×1.5 cm, and testing time was set as 60 s. The qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of inorganic elements in 40 different rubber sole samples of different brands and different types was carried out, and the reproducibility of the method was examined. At the same time, the rubber sole samples were classified using SPSS clustering analysis-center of gravity method as definition of distance between the classes. Consequently, the method has the characteristics of accurate and reliable result, good reproducibility, no need for sample preparation and non-destructive testing. It can be used for public security organs to resolve the cases.