冲角是列车蛇形运动稳定性评价中的一关键性指标。由于列车走行步复杂、冲角值极小等原因，导致轮轨间冲角测量难度大、测量不准确等问题。本文提出一种基于激光线检测的轮轨冲角检测方法，该方法将与轮对运动方向共线的激光线照在轨面上，通过图像畸形校正、Meanshift算法平滑、Radon直线检测等算法处理分别获取轨道边缘线和激光线的位置，计算两者在图像中的夹角检测出轮轨冲角。通过仿真数据和检测结果对比表明，该方法能够实现轮轨冲角的图像检测，且原理简单可行，最后给出检测误差的修正方法，增加了检测方法的鲁棒性。该方法的提出为后续列车运行的稳定性和安全性评价奠定了基础。

Attack angle is a key index to evaluate the stability of snakelike motion in the train. Due to the complex-ity of the running train and the small angle of attack, it is difficult to measure the angle between the wheel and rail. This paper presents a method for attack angle detection based on the laser line and the direction of motion as collinear wheel on the rail surface. The laser line and orbital edge line were obtained by image correction, Meanshift smoothing, and Radon line detection, and then the angle was calculated in the image. Comparison between simulation data and test results shows that the method can realize the detection of attack angle and it is simple and feasible at the same time. Finally, the correction method of the detection error is given, which in-creases the stability of the detection method. This method may lay the foundation for the evaluation of stability and safety of train operation.