涡旋激光是指中心光强为零且携带轨道角动量的激光光束。近年来, 由于其在粒子操控、信息通信以及超分辨成像等领域的独特应用, 涡旋激光的产生及其手性控制技术得到广泛关注。对固体激光器腔内直接振荡产生涡旋激光的技术进行归纳总结, 并分析其优缺点。对驻波腔内不同手性涡旋激光的光场传输进行理论模拟, 给出涡旋激光在固体激光腔内的光场分布。结合不同手性涡旋激光的场分布特征, 综述了腔内直接振荡产生涡旋激光过程中的手性控制技术, 并对各种手性控制技术的原理与技术方案进行比较分析。

Vortex lasers are the optical beams possessing intensity center of zero and orbital angular momentum. In recent years, generation of the vortex lasers and chirality-control techniques get more and more attention due to their unique applications in particle manipulation, information communication and super-resolution imaging, etc. The techniques of the vortex lasers directly generated from solid-state cavities are summarized, and the corresponding merits and drawbacks are respectively analyzed. Then, the optical field distributions of opposite-handedness vortex lasers in the standing wave cavity are derived through theoretical simulation. Finally, based on the field distribution characteristics of vortex lasers with different handednesses, the handedness-control techniques for vortex lasers directly generated are reviewed, and their principles and technical proposals are further compared and analyzed.