提出了一种C波段透射率可调的压控超材料表面。该超材料表面由加载变容二极管的新型可调超材料单元构成, 通过直流偏置电压控制变容二极管的电容值, 调节超材料单元的电磁特性。通过仿真并计算超材料单元的散射系数、等效介电常数和等效磁导率, 该单元的可调谐振频域为5.2~5.6 GHz。将压控超材料表面与微带天线相结合, 超材料表面透射率可改变天线远场辐射方向图, 通过其对远场辐射方向图的调节, 验证了可调超材料表面的性能。对设计的压控超材料表面加0.5~10 V的直流偏置电压, 该超材料表面工作频率为5.4 GHz, 其透射率能有效调节20 dB。

A C-band transmittance adjustable voltage controlled metamaterial surface is proposed. The metamaterial surface is composed of novel adjustable metamaterial units with varactor diodes. By adjusting the DC bias voltage, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is changed so that the electromagnetic properties of the metamaterial unit are adjusted. In this paper, the scattering parameters, effective permittivity and effective permeability of the metamaterial unit are simulated and calculated. The metamaterial unit is designed to resonate from 5.2 GHz to 5.6 GHz. In order to verify the property of the designed metamaterial unit, the voltage controlled metamaterial surface is adopted in adjusting the far-field radiation pattern of a microstrip antenna. The DC bias voltage of 0.5 V to 10 V is applied to the designed voltage controlled metamaterial surface operating at 5.4 GHz, and the transmittance changesabout 20 dB by changing voltage.