提出了一种基于基片集成波导技术的双极化多波束天线设计方法, 利用Butler矩阵作为波束成型网络, 通过激励成对的正交缝隙辐射单元组, 实现双极化多波束辐射特性。通过配置正交辐射单元组之间的相位关系为同相或反相, 可以分别实现极化共波束和极化独立波束的多波束辐射特性, 从而适应不同无线通信场景需求, 利用空间波束分集或极化分集方式提升无线通信容量。最终, 在X波段给出了一种基于基片集成波导技术的双极化独立波束的多波束天线设计实例, 仿真结果表明该天线阻抗带宽为9.64~10.25 GHz, 对4个输入端口分别激励时可实现双极化四波束辐射, 波束增益为14 dBi, 验证了所提出的设计思想和方法。

A dual polarized multibeam antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide technology is proposed, which utilizes Butler matrix as the beamforming network to excite pairs of orthogonal radiating slots, forming dual polarization multi-beam radiations. To configure the exciting signals of orthogonal slots as in-phase or out-of-phase, dual polarized co-beam or independent-beam can be achieved accordingly, which can be adopted in different wireless communication scenarios, through space beam diversity or polarization diversity scheme, to enhance wireless communication capacity. Finally, a prototype of dual polarized independent-multibeam antenna is implemented at X-band by using substrate integrated waveguide technology. Simulation results show that the developed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 9.64-10.25 GHz; and by exciting four input ports of the antenna, four dual-polarized independent beams are achieved accordingly with the gain about 14 dBi, which verifies the proposed design concept and method.