介绍了超短脉冲偏振分割器的基本类型和放大器的光路布局, 总结了国内外采用偏振分割放大技术抑制光纤非线性效应、提高超短脉冲输出能量和突破增益介质抗损伤阈值方面的新进展。重点报道了偏振分割放大技术在高重复频率高功率掺铒飞秒激光器研制方面的最新进展, 基于双程放大结构和多级偏振分割, 同时实现超短脉冲的非线性放大与脉冲压缩, 结合光学倍频, 获得百毫瓦百飞秒, 中心波长780 nm的激光脉冲, 为实现结构紧凑、使用方便、环境稳定、光束质量好的飞秒激光光源提供了一个有效的技术途径, 有望部分替代钛宝石激光器, 在太赫兹产生、生物医学成像、光学非线性效应研究等方面拓展应用。

The new development of using divided-pulse amplification system in controlling the fiber nonlinearity, enhancing the pulse energy and breaking through the damage threshold of gain material was reviewed, including the basic types of pulse divider and optical arrangement of amplifiers. The latest advances in high repetition rate, high power Er-doped fiber divided-pulse amplifier was introduced. Based on the double-pass configuration and multi-stage pulse divider, nonlinear amplification and pulse compression were achieved simultaneously, resulting in frequency-doubled output pulses with an average power of hundreds of milliwatts and pulse width less than one hundred femtosecond at 780 nm. This divided-pulse Er-doped amplification method has proven a valuable tool to develop compact, user-friendly and environment stable femtosecond source, which provides an alternative to Ti:sapphire laser in applications to the generation of Terahertz radiation, biological imaging and optical nonlinearity.