基于Bell态的纠缠特性,提出了一种可以进行双向身份认证的量子密钥分发协议。与传统量子密钥分发协议相比,该协议有零知识性, 能进行双向身份认证,进行一次量子序列传输就能同时完成身份认证与密钥分发。结果表明所提出的量子密钥分发协议能抵御截获/重发攻击及中间人攻击等 一系列攻击。

A quantum key distribution protocol with two-way identity authentication is proposed based on the entanglement characteristics of Bell states. Compared with traditional quantum key distribution protocol, the proposed protocol has characteristics of zero knowledge, and can carry out two-way authentication. It can simultaneously complete the identity authentication and key distribution with only one time of quantum sequence transmission. Results show that the proposed quantum key distribution protocol can resist the intercept/resend attack, middleman attack and a series of attacks.