金属微纳结构中有关光与原子、分子和量子点等物质的相互的作用研究是微纳光学领域的一个核心科学问题。近年来,得益于迅速发展的纳米材料制备方法和纳米加工技术,国内外学者在表面等离激元受激辐射的实现以及等离激元激光器的研制方面取得了许多重要进展。总结了基于金属微纳结构共振腔的表面等离激元受激辐射的出射方向性研究进展,归纳了可以提高方向性的共振腔结构,分别阐述了其中的物理机制,对于不同共振腔结构的特点与性质进行了分类比较。

The interaction between light and atoms, molecules, and quantum dots in metallic micro-nano structures is a core scientific issue in the field of micro-nano optics. In recent years, scientists have made great progress in realizing surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation and developing plasmon lasers due to the rapid development of nano-material preparation methods and nano-processing technology. We review the advances in directionality of surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation based on metal micro-nano resonant cavities, list several kinds of resonant cavity structures which improve the directionality and elaborate on the physical mechanism. Meanwhile, we also compare the characteristics and properties of different cavity structures.