利用激光跟踪仪并采用多站分时测量方法检测机床精度时，为了减小激光跟踪仪所在基站位置分布对测量结果的影响，对基站布局优化开展研究。分析了激光跟踪多站分时测量中基站分布位置对基站标定精度的影响。引入全球定位系统(GPS)测量中的位置精度衰减因子(PDOP)作为评价基站分布位置是否合理的指标，并构建了基站布局优化函数。在此基础上，针对测量时机床的三种不同运动区域(1D直线、2D平面、3D空间)，依据建立的基站分布优化函数对最优基站位置进行确定，并分析了空间不同位置处PDOP的变化规律，为现场测量基站位置的合理分布提供了参考依据。

In order to reduce the influence of base station layout on the measurement result in the machine tool precision detection by multi-station and time-sharing measurement with laser tracker, the research on optimization of base station layout is conducted. The influence of location layout of base station on its calibration accuracy by multi-station and time-sharing measurement is analyzed. The positional dilution of precision (PDOP) in global positioning system (GPS) measurement is applied as an indicator to evaluate whether the layout distribution of base station is reasonable or not, and the optimization function of base station layout is established. On this basis, the optimal layout position of base station is determined according to the established base station distribution optimization function for three different motion regions (1D line, 2D plane, 3D space) of machine tool during measurement. The distribution law of PDOP at different space positions is also analyzed, which can provide a reference for the reasonable distribution of base station layout in field measurement.