为得到博物馆照明光源对中国传统淡彩绘画的色彩影响规律, 并确定不同类型中国传统淡彩绘画的最低损害光源, 以3种博物馆典型照明光源作为实验光源, 分组照射中国传统淡彩绘画模型试件, 对模型试件的CIE LAB色度数据进行周期性测量。基于实验数据计算不同周期色差变化值, 并绘制色差随曝光量的周期性衰变曲线。进而对色差值变化数据进行回归分析, 拟合得到不同光源对4种淡彩绘画颜料的相对影响函数公式, 提出不同光源对各类型淡彩绘画的相对影响系数。结果表明: 3种照明光源对工笔淡彩绘画的影响系数为K金卤灯∶K卤钨灯∶KWLED=1.00∶0.92∶0.84; 对小青绿淡彩绘画的影响系数为K金卤灯∶K卤钨灯∶KWLED=2.05∶1.71∶1.65; 对水墨淡彩绘画的影响系数为K金卤灯∶K卤钨灯∶KWLED=1.17∶0.94∶0.91。在淡彩绘画照明保护性照明光源选择时, 应选择RYGB型WLED光源。

To establish the influencing rules of different light sources on traditional paintings and to determine the minimum damage light source of different types of traditional paintings, we utilized a white light emitting diode(WLED) as experimental light source, a metal halide lamp(MHL), and a tungsten halogen lamp(THL) as contrast light sources to illuminate Chinese paintings, periodically measuring CIELAB color data. First, we calculated the color difference based on the data and plotted color difference against exposure. Then, we plotted fitting curves of color difference against exposure for four pigments, and obtained the relative influence coefficient of different light sources on four organic pigments via analyzing the regression equation. According to the experiment results, for fine brushwork light color paintings, the ratio of the average effect is KMHL∶KTHL∶KWLED=1.00∶0.92∶0.84; for small green light color paintings, the ratio of the average effect is KMHL∶KTHL∶KWLED=2.05 ∶1.71∶1.65; for ink light color paintings, the ratio of the average effect is KMHL∶KTHL∶KWLED=1.17∶0.94∶0.91. According to the above results, for the three types of Chinese traditional light color paintings, the illumination damage from RYGB-type WLED is less than metal halide lamp and tungsten halogen lamp. The RYGB-type WLED is the light source resulting in the least damage to the painting colors.