红外热波成像是近年来发展较快的一种新型无损检测技术，它是一门跨学科、跨应用领域的通用型实用技术，其三大核心技术包括热激励、红外图像采集及红外图像处理。本文对热激励技术中的闪光灯、激光、卤素灯、红外灯、超声、电磁等几种主要热激励方法的特点及研究现状进行了介绍与对比，分析了采集技术中的制冷与非制冷热像仪各自特点，并对红外图像处理技术中的降噪、增强、序列热图处理及缺陷提取等四大研究方向进行了总结，介绍了相应发展状况和进展。最后总结了该技术的发展趋势。

Thermography is a new NDT testing technology that has developed rapidly in recent years. It is an interdisciplinary and broadly applicable technology crossing multiplefields. Three major components of this technology include the excitation source, IR image acquisition, and data processing. This paper presents a brief comparative analysis of the current research status for different excitation sources, including flashlights, lasers, IR lamps, ultrasound, and electromagnetism. It compares the characteristics of cooled and uncooled thermal imagers and also introduces the recent development of various IR image processing technologies for feature enhancement, noise reduction, sequence processing, and defect extraction. Finally, the trend of this technology is briefly summarized.