为了获得激光整形的高精度青铜结合剂成形砂轮, 采用高像素相机、双远心镜头、背光源、数控机床和光纤激光器为主要的硬件, 分析了切向整形的过程和检测需求, 采用磨削复映法的视觉检测方式, 结合数字图像处理技术设计了标准轮廓建立、双模板匹配定位、修整补偿等关键算法; 设计了防护机械结构, 搭建了一套高精度成形砂轮轮廓检测激光切向整形系统。以V形槽整形试验为例, 经过粗修整和补偿加工后V型槽的偏差值在17 μm以下, 并实现几何形状参数误差在5%以内。试验表明, 该系统可以实现砂轮几何形状轮廓与尺寸的准确检测, 通过补偿整形能够有效且快捷的获得高整形精度。

In order to achieve high precision bronze bond forming grinding wheel by laser shaping, by utilizing high pixel camera, double telecentric lenses, backlights, CNC machine and fiber laser as the main hardware, the process and detection requirements of tangential shaping are analyzed. The visual detection method of the recombination method, combined with digital image processing technology, has designed key algorithms such as standard contour setup, dual template matching and positioning, trimming and compensation. A protective mechanical structure is designed and a laser tangential shaping system for high-precision formed wheel profile detection is built. Taking the V-groove shaping an example, the deviation value of the V-groove after rough dressing and compensation processing is under 17 μm, and the geometric parameter error is within 5%. Experiments show that the system can accurately detect the contour and size of the grinding wheel geometry, and the high plasticity precision can be obtained effectively and quickly by compensating the shaping.