光学 精密工程, 2018, 26 (6): 1338, 网络出版: 2018-10-02   

马赫-曾德尔干涉集成化的全光纤磁场与温度传感器

Mach-Zehneder interference all-fiber sensor for measurement of magnetic field and temperature
沈涛 1,2孙滨超 2冯月 1,2
作者单位
1 哈尔滨理工大学 工程电解质及其应用教育部重点实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
2 哈尔滨理工大学 理学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
摘要
为了简化光纤磁场与温度传感器的结构并提高传感器灵敏度, 设计并制作了马赫-曾德尔干涉集成化的全光纤磁场与温度传感器。将单根光纤的马赫-曾德尔模间干涉结构和双臂马赫-曾德尔干涉结构结合: 将总长度为1.2 m的单模光纤部分制备成长度为2.7 cm、锥腰直径为30.1 μm的锥形微纳光纤, 并得到了拉锥时间与锥腰直径的关系。将锥形微纳光纤放置尼龙槽内并包覆磁凝胶构成传感头, 实现模间干涉的马赫-曾德尔磁场传感器; 将磁场传感器通过两耦合比为50%∶50%的耦合器并联带有可调谐光衰减器的单模光纤形成马赫-曾德尔干涉的温度传感器。从理论上分析了光谱漂移对磁场和温度传感的特性关系, 实验测得室温下磁场强度在25~50 mT时, 磁场传感的灵敏度为0.301 14 nm/mT; 在磁场强度为0, 温度由25 ℃升高到30 ℃时, 温度传感的灵敏度为0.518 86 nm/℃。该传感器可广泛应用于电力系统放电检测、材料加工、安全监控等领域。
Abstract
A Mach-Zehnder interferometer all-fiber sensor for magnetic field and temperature measurement was proposed and experimentally demonstrated for a simplified sensor with improved sensitivity. It combined a Mach-Zehnder modal interferometer and two arms Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A single mode fiber of 1.2 m in length was partly processed into a taper-structured microfiber of 2.7 cm length and a 30.1 μm diameter taper waist. The relationship between the tapering time and the taper waist was investigated. The tapered fiber was placed into a nylon slot and was coated using magnetic sol-gel to fabricate the sensor head. The Mach-Zehnder modal interferometer magnetic field sensor was then complete. The other single mode fiber with a tunable optical attenuator was employed to form the Mach-Zehnder interferometer temperature sensor via two couplers with coupling ratio 50∶50. The characteristic relationship between the spectra drift, and the magnetic field/ temperature sensing was analyzed theoretically. Experiment results show that the sensitivity of the magnetic field sensor is 0.301 14 nm/mT when the magnetic field intensity ranged from 25 mT to 50 mT at room temperature. The temperature sensor had a sensitivity of 0.518 86 nm/℃ in the range of 25 ℃ to 30 ℃ without an applied magnetic field. This sensor has potential applications in numerous areas, including discharge detection systems, material processing, and safety monitoring, etc.

沈涛, 孙滨超, 冯月. 马赫-曾德尔干涉集成化的全光纤磁场与温度传感器[J]. 光学 精密工程, 2018, 26(6): 1338. SHEN Tao, SUN Bin-chao, FENG Yue. Mach-Zehneder interference all-fiber sensor for measurement of magnetic field and temperature[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2018, 26(6): 1338.

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