玻璃精密模压成形是一种高效率、绿色环保的先进光学元件制造技术,近年来得到了飞速发展。本文首先介绍了光学元件的需求与种类, 提出玻璃精密模压成形技术存在的问题。综述了国内外近年来精密模压成形光学透镜的重要研究进展, 其中包括光学玻璃材料、模具材料与涂层、模具加工、模压过程仿真以及各种参数对透镜质量的影响。阐述了光学模压成形元件的坯料、镀膜技术和冷加工技术、成形元件的残余应力分布以及折射率、模具与玻璃间摩擦效应、模具的补偿技术、成形透镜质量的预测、模压技术的其他应用等。最后,对未来光学玻璃精密模压成形趋势进行了预测。

Precision glass molding is a high-efficiency and green optical component manufacturing technology that has seen rapid development in recent years. First, the types of optical components and their demand were discussed, and the problem associated with glass precision molding technology was described. Then, research and development of molded optical components in recent years were reviewed. This research included studies of optical glass materials, a constitutive model of glass material, mold materials, coatings, ultraprecision machining, numerical simulation, and the influence of various parameters on the quality of a molded lens. This research also covers technology for the precision molding of optical components, cold-machining technology, coating technology for molds, stress distribution and refractive index of molded components, friction between molds and glass, mold compensation, molded-lens quality prediction, and applications of molding technology. Finally, the future development of precision glass molding was predicted.