1 000 mm口径主镜的光机装调质量直接影响望远镜光学系统的成像效果。为了改善大口径光电跟踪系统的成像质量, 本文对主镜的装调技术进行了研究。首先, 对影响主镜面形精度的误差进行分配; 其次, 结合具体的主镜支撑结构的形式, 采用典型装调方法对800 mm口径主镜进行详细的装调研究, 实时测得主镜的面形精度; 最后, 综合分析产生装调误差的来源, 提出了一种加工、检测、装调一体化的高精度装调方法。该方法使得1 000 mm主镜在装调后的面形精度波像差RMS值达到了λ/40, 在提高装调质量的情况下显著提高了装调效率。

The quality of optical machine installation in a 1 000 mm aperture reflector directly influences the imaging characteristics of the optical system of a telescope. In order to improve the imaging quality of a large-aperture photoelectric tracking system, the installation and adjustment technology of the reflector was investigated. First, the errors that affect the precision of the principal mirror were distributed. Second, a typical method was adopted to perform a detailed installation and adjustment investigation of the principal mirror with an aperture of 800 mm, and the reflection mirror shape accuracy was measured in real-time, in combination with the specific form of the reflector support structure. Finally, this paper included a comprehensive analysis of the source of installation and adjustment errors and proposed a high-precision method that integrates processing, testing, and installation. The method adopted resulted in an RMS value of λ/40 for the modified profile precision waveform aberration after installation, and significantly improved the efficiency and quality of the installation and adjustment.