回差是表征精密减速器性能的关键指标, 其定义貌似简单, 但蕴含了复杂的测量及评价问题, 本文从静态测量和动态测量两个方面论述了当前精密减速器的回差测量原理和方法, 对比分析了各种测量方法的异同和优缺点, 分析了当前工业领域常用的评价方法, 指出评价方法的不同是造成评价结果差异的重要原因。最后指出, 建立精密减速器综合性能动态测量系统是适应工业需求的必然趋势, 同时当前亟需建立一套完整的精密减速器回差测试规范及评价标准。

Lost motion is the key index for describing the performance of precision reducers. Although its definition appears simple, it involves complex measurement and evaluation problems. In this paper, the principle and method of precision reducer lost motion measurement were discussed from the aspects of static and dynamic measurements. The similarities and differences of different measurement methods, and their respective advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. In addition, the commonly used evaluation methods in the industrial field were studied, and it is emphasized that the differences in the evaluation methods are primarily responsible for the differences in the obtained results. Finally, it is noted that the establishment of a dynamic measurement system for the comprehensive performance of precision reducers is imperative for meeting the industrial demand. At the same time, it is also important to establish a complete set of specifications and evaluation criteria for precision reducer lost motion measurement.