金属表面清洗工艺是现代工业生产中涂装、连接、维护和修理的重要环节。目前传统清洗方法在高精度要求和环境保护限制下其应用受到很大的制约。激光清洗技术作为近年来迅速发展的一种高效、绿色清洗技术,与机械打磨清洗、高压水射流清洗、化学清洗、喷砂清洗等传统清洗工艺相比,具有精准度高、低损伤、零排放和无污染的优点,极具应用前景。对激光清洗技术的原理、特点及分类进行了简述,重点介绍了金属表面激光清洗技术的研究及应用,最后对激光清洗技术的研究和发展进行了展望。

Metal surface cleaning process is an important part of painting, connection, maintenance and repair in modern industrial production. The application of traditional cleaning methods is greatly restricted under the requirements of high precision and environmental protection at present. As a highly efficient and green cleaning technology developed rapidly in recent years, laser cleaning has high precision, low damage, zero emission and no pollution compared with traditional cleaning processes such as mechanical polishing, high pressure water jet cleaning, chemical cleaning and sand blast cleaning, which is very promising for future development. The principle, characteristics and classification of laser cleaning technology are briefly introduced. The research and application of laser cleaning technology for metal surface are emphatically introduced. Finally, the research and development of laser cleaning technology are prospected.