在无人机电力线巡检中, 为了能快速发现并定位绝缘子产生电晕放电现象的位置, 对无人机航迹中的电力线电晕探测与定位方法进行了研究。分析了电晕放电功率检测模型, 并得到放电源辐射出紫外光功率的公式。设计了具有高灵敏度的电晕探测设备, 提出在无人机航迹中发现绝缘子缺陷的定位方法, 通过两次不同角度对电力线铁塔探测, 比较两次探测结果分析出缺陷绝缘子的位置。最后根据定位方法设计了对电火花和紫外LED探测实验。结果表明, 该探测设备能准确探测出电火花产生的紫外光功率, 受到紫外光在空气中损耗的影响, 测量值随距离的增加而逐渐减小, 且在不同距离情况下相对误差在11.5%之内。在紫外LED探测实验中, 探测角度选择0°和15°时测量值较为准确。该方法在微弱电晕放电探测中准确有效, 能够满足无人机在航迹中对电力线缺陷绝缘子的定位要求。

To detect and locate the corona discharge of insulators quickly in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) power line inspection, a corona detection and location method for power lines in a UAVs track was investigated. First, the corona discharge power detection model was analyzed and established, and a formula for ultraviolet radiation power from a discharge source was obtained. Then, a corona detection device with high sensitivity was designed, and a positioning method for finding insulator defects in a UAVs track was developed. This method was used to detect the power line tower from two different angles. By comparing the two detection results, the position of the defective insulator could be determined. Finally, a method for electro spark and ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED) detection based on location was designed. The results show that the detector can accurately detect the ultraviolet power produced by a spark. Influenced by the loss of UV light in the air, the measured value decreases with the increase of distance, and the relative error is within 11.5% at different distances. In the UV LED detection experiment, the measured values are more accurate when the detection angles are selected as 0° and 15°. In general, the method is accurate and effective in the detection of weak corona discharge, and it can meet the positioning requirements for defective power line insulators in a UAVs track.