在现代农业生产中, 常采用发光二极管(LED)作为植物照明光源对农业作物进行补光, 为提高LED植物照明阵列光源的均匀度, 本文在光量子体系下, 提出一种新的基于粒子群算法的LED植物照明阵列光源设计方法。通过MATLAB对红蓝光LED植物光源阵列进行数学建模, 运用粒子群算法寻找高均匀度条件下的红蓝光LED坐标, 设计出二维情况下的红蓝光LED排布阵列; 在三维情况下, 为解决维度升高时可能会导致的求解陷入局部极小问题, 采用改进的随机惯性权粒子群算法进行三维方案设计, 并使用Tracepro对两种设计方案进行验证, 与传统的红蓝光LED等间距逐行排列设计进行了对比。研究结果表明, 与常见逐行排列LED阵列设计达到的光量子通量密度(PPFD)均匀度为79.6%相比, 通过粒子群算法寻优的设计方法, 二维设计方案的PPFD均匀度达到88.7%, 较等间距逐行排列设计提高了9.1%; 三维设计方案的PPFD均匀度达到92.6%, 较二维设计方案提高了3.9%, 较等间距逐行排列设计提高了13%。本实验证明了运用粒子群算法在二维和三维空间进行LED植物照明阵列光源设计的可行性, 在简易设计流程的同时, 提高了工作效率。

In modern agricultural production, Light emitting diode(LED) is often used as a plant lighting source to supplement the agricultural crops. In order to improve the uniformity of the light source of LED plant lighting array, a new design method based on improved particle swarm optimization(PSO) of LED plant illuminated array light source is proposed in this paper. The mathematical modeling of the red and blue light LED plant light source array is carried out by MATLAB, and the red and blue light LED coordinates are found under the condition of high uniformity using the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the red and blue light LED arrangement array in the two-dimensional case is designed. The stochastic inertia weight particle swarm optimization(random inertia particle swarm optimization) algorithm is used to design the three-dimensional scheme, and the two design schemes are verified with Tracepro and compared with the traditional red and blue light LED. The results show that, compared with the uniformity of the optical quantum flux density(Photosynthetic photon flux density,PPFD) designed by the common line by line array LED array, the uniformity of the two-dimensional design scheme is 88.7% by PSO optimization method, and the design is improved by 9.1% compared with the line by line arrangement. The PPFD uniformity of the 3D design is 92.6%, which is 3.9% higher than that of the two-dimensional design, and 13% higher than that of the equal spacing row by row arrangement. This experiment proves the feasibility of using PSO to design the light source of LED plant lighting array in two-dimensional and three-dimensional space, and improves the work efficiency at the same time in the simple design process.