量子密钥分发(QKD)是一种新型对称密钥分发技术,其经典信道上的交互数据要求采用安全的认证协议保护。目前高速QKD技术不断发展,对认证协议的处理带宽提出了更高的要求。详细梳理了QKD系统认证协议的设计需求,并设计实现了基于线性反馈移位寄存器(LFSR)的Toeplitz矩 阵高速QKD系统认证方案。该方案采用FPGA硬件平台实现,利用FPGA并行处理能力以及流水线数据处理方案,实现最高10 Gbps量级的数据处理带宽,能够为未来超高速QKD系统的研制提供帮助。

Quantum key distribution (QKD) generates symmetric keys between two remote parties over an untrusted, authenticated public communication channel with information security. With the development of high-speed QKD technology to widen the applicable areas of the QKD technology, higher requirements for the data post-processing bandwidth of the authentication protocol are put forward. The design requirements of QKD system authentication protocol are analyzed in detail, then a high-speed authentication scheme based on Toeplitz matrix using linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is proposed. This scheme is implemented on FPGA hardware platform using the parallel processing capability of FPGA and pipeline data processing scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve data post-processing bandwidth up to 10 Gbps, which is a promising candidate for ultra-high-speed QKD system implementation in the future.