随着红外成像技术对时间分辨率、空间分辨率、光谱分辨率及光学稳定性需求的不断提升, 四者之间的制约矛盾愈加激化。分子滤光器是一种具有梳状离散透射谱型的滤波器件, 依靠分子能级跃迁对光波长的分辨实现选择性透射, 其效果是“光学”的, 机理是“量子”的, 为该矛盾的解决提供了新的途径。基于分子光谱理论, 给出了差量吸收型、磁致旋光型及多普勒调制型三类分子滤光成像技术的工作机理与理论模型, 结合研究团队相关工作, 分别介绍了差量吸收型分子滤光在机动车尾气遥感监测、磁致旋光型分子滤光在燃烧诊断以及多普勒调制型分子滤光在星载大气风场温度场遥感领域的应用, 最后分析了三种机理滤光方法的技术特点与适用性。

With the increasing demand of infrared imaging technology for time resolution, spatial resolution, spectral resolution and optical stability, the contradiction between the four is becoming more intense. The molecular filter was a filter device with a comb-like discrete transmission spectrum type. The selective transmission was realized by the resolution of the wavelength of the light by the molecular energy level transition. The effect was "optical" but the mechanism was "quantum". Molecular filtering provided a new way for conflict resolution. Based on the theory of molecular spectroscopy, the working mechanism and theoretical model of three types of molecular filter imaging techniques, such as differential absorption, magneto-optical rotation and Doppler modulation, were presented. Combined with the related work of the research team, the applications were introduced separately: differential absorption molecular filtering in remote sensing monitoring of vehicle exhaust, magneto-optical rotation molecular filtering in combustion diagnosis, and Doppler modulated molecular filtering in spaceborne atmospheric wind and temperature remote sensing. Finally, the technical characteristics and applicability of the three mechanism filtering methods were analyzed.