轮轨黏着系数对于列车运行的安全性与稳定性具有决定性的影响。在冬季, 钢轮表面的薄冰会大幅降低轮轨黏着系数。根据水的相图和压力融化原理, 将轮轨接触区域划分为钢-冰固体接触区和钢-水混合润滑接触区, 基于统一雷诺方程模型, 研究了温度在-21 ℃至0 ℃, 运动速度为100~500 km/h范围内, 高速轮轨黏着系数随速度的变化规律, 并提出采用激光毛化技术在车轮表面形成规则形貌(纵纹、横纹、菱形), 将有助于提高冰水混合润滑状态下的轮轨黏着系数, 为高速列车黏着控制技术提供理论基础。

The adhesion coefficient between the wheel and rail has a significance influence on the safety and stability of the train operation. In winter a thin film of ice presemed onrail will greatly reduce the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient. In this paper the contact region of wheel/rail will be divided into two regions, that is the solid contact region of ice-steel and the mixed lubrication contact region of water-steel according to the phase diagram of ice and the principle of pressure melt. The adhesion coefficient of high-speed wheel/rail is investigated with the variation of speed from 100 km/h to 500 km/h under the temperature region from -21 ℃ to 0 ℃ based on the unified Reynolds equation. Regular patterns on wheel surface, such as longitudinal, transverse and rhombus, formed by laser texturing, will improve the adhesion coefficient of wheel/rail under ice-water mixed lubrication. The investigation is helpful for adhesion controlling technology of high-speed railway.