光学量子纠缠系统是实现量子信息处理的重要系统之一。纠缠系统与量子噪声 不可避免的耦合作用会导致量子信息处理过程的失败,因此研究量子噪声对纠缠系统的影响并得到相应的实验规律非常 重要。理论上给出了光学典型量子噪声的性质及物理算符表示,实验上采用不同的光学器件或器件组合成功模拟实现了 各种典型的光量子噪声,以量子比特翻转噪声为例研究了噪声对两比特纠缠系统的影响。结果表明对于两比特纠缠系统, 当纠缠源的纠缠度相同时,比特翻转噪声相对于相移噪声更易破坏纠缠相干性,而比特位相翻转噪声破坏纠缠特性的 能力介于前两者之间。

Optical quantum entanglement system is one of the most important systems for quantum information processing. The inevitable coupling between the entangled system and quantum noise will lead to the failure of the quantum information processing. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the effect of quantum noise on the entangled system and obtain the corresponding experimental laws. The properties and physical operator representation of optical typical quantum noise are given theoretically. In the experiment, various typical optical quantum noises are successfully simulated by using different optical devices or combination of devices. Taking the quantum bit flip noise as an example, the effect of noise on two qubit entanglement system is studied. Results show that for two qubit entangled systems, when the entanglement degree of the entanglement source is the same, the bit-flip noise is more likely to destroy the entanglement coherence than the phase-shift noise, and the ability of bit-phase-flip noise to destroy the entanglement property is between the former two.