为了实现对空间目标的远距离、高分辨率激光一维距离像探测及特性分析，在建立点目标激光一维距离像光外差探测模型的基础上，进一步通过三维建模的方式获取了三维目标的激光一维距离像.比较了圆锥体目标光外差探测获取的一维距离像与其距离分辨激光雷达散射截面、脉冲激光一维距离像之间的区别和联系，分析了目标尺寸、姿态、调频带宽以及表面材质对目标激光一维距离像的影响.实验结果验证了目标一维距离像能够反映目标外形特征，可为目标特性分析及识别提供参考.

In order to realize the laser one-dimensional range profile detection with long distance and high resolution and the echo feature analysis of space targets, on the basis of establishing one-dimensional heterodyne detection model of point target laser range image, furthermore the laser one-dimensional range profile of 3-D target is obtained by means of 3-D modeling. The differences and relations among the one-dimensional range profile acquired by optical heterodyne detection of a specific target, its range-resolved laser radar cross section and pulsed laser one-dimensional range profile are compared. The effects of target size, attitude, frequency modulation bandwidth and surface material on the target laser one-dimensional range profile are analyzed. The experiment result shows that the target one-dimensional range profile can reflect the shape features. The conclusions can provide references for analysis of target characteristics and target recognition.