2010年模式不稳定现象首次报道，开启了光纤激光与废热的斗争史。回顾了10年来模式不稳定现象的研究进展，概述了光纤激光模式不稳定物理表征、基本原理、理论研究、影响因素和抑制策略等，介绍了高功率光纤激光在模式不稳定抑制方面取得的最新成果，展望了高功率光纤激光模式不稳定研究的未来发展，对光纤激光模式不稳定未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。

The report about mode instability in 2010 has begun the history of struggling with the waste heat in fiber lasers. This paper presents a 10-year research progress of mode instability research, including physical demonstrations, physical mechanism, theoretical investigation, various impact factors and effective mitigating strategies. The most recent results on mode instability suppressing are also included as well as the future development trend of mode instability research.