激光在实际大气中的传输效果不仅与其自身传输机理有关, 还与大气因素密切相关, 因此, 准确评估激光大气传输的效果,不仅需要开展激光传输机理的研究, 建立激光大气传输数理模型, 还需要对实际传输过程中的大气光学特性进行测量、分析和预测。鉴于实际大气环境的复杂性及多因素耦合的制约, 激光大气传输的机理研究大都采用大气参数可控的物理实验平台和数值仿真软件平台进行研究, 而大气光学特性的研究则在大量实地测量分析的基础上, 重点发展基于物理相关性分析和数学模型构建的光学湍流模式化表征研究。简要介绍了国内外高能激光大气传输性能评估技术的发展情况, 面向高能激光系统未来的实际应用, 指出了其发展趋势。

The actual effect of laser propagation in the atmosphere is not only related to its own propagation mechanism, but also closely related to atmospheric factors. Therefore, to accurately evaluate the effect of laser atmospheric propagation, it is not only necessary to carry out the mechanism research and establish the mathematical model of laser atmosoheric propagation, but also mecessary to carry out measurement, analysis and prediction of the optical characteristics of the atmosphere in the propagating process. Considering the complexity of the real atmospheric environment and the interaction of many factors, most of the researches adopt the physical experiment or the numerical simulation with controlled parameters to quantitatively reveal the influence of various atmospheric factors on laser propagation. Based on a large number of field measurements and the physical correlation analysis, the research of atmospheric optical characteristics focuses on the parametric modeling of optical turbulence. The development of the performance evaluation technology for the high energy laser was briefly introduced when propagating in the atmosphere at home and aboard, and its development trend for the practical application of high energy laser system in the future was pointed out.