为了实现滚珠螺母型面的快速精确测量, 提出了激光测量方法并设计测量装置。首先, 基于经直角棱镜反射的点激光轴向扫描的测量原理设计了螺母滚道型面检测装置, 并根据滚道的数学模型提出轴法向转换的数据处理方法。然后, 对直角棱镜的平移和转角误差、激光偏移误差、激光倾斜误差建立模型进行分析。最后, 设计工装对标准钢球和圆槽进行扫描, 并对螺母滚道开展实际测量。结果显示, 完成误差标定后, 经棱镜反射的点激光扫描圆弧轮廓的测量误差在3.1 μm以内, 标准差在2.2 μm以内。对螺母滚道的扫描图像完整有效, 总体精度满足螺母滚道型面的测量要求。

To realize the rapid and accurate measurement of a ball nut profile, a laser measurement method is proposed, and a measuring device is designed.First, a device to measure the nut profile is constructed based on the principle of a point laser reflected by a right-angle prism scanning along the axial direction. According to the mathematical model of raceway, a new data processing method of axial normal transformation is proposed. Furthermore, the translation and rotation errors of the right-angle prism, laser offset errors, and inclined laser errors are analyzed and calibrated. Finally, the outline of a standard steel ball and circular groove are measured by the designed frock,and the nut profile ismeasured.After error calibration, the measurement error of the point-laser scanning arc contour is less than 3.1 μm, and the standard deviation is less than 2.2 μm. The scanning image of the nut raceway is complete and useful, which meets the measurement requirements of the nut raceway profile.