太阳能飞艇依赖于光伏阵列提供能量, 但曲面面形引起的非均匀光照会造成光伏阵列的能量损失。文章将遗传算法引入光伏阵列优化研究, 通过优化光伏阵列拓扑结构, 降低模块间的失配现象, 从而达到增大输出功率的目的。首先基于光伏电池的单二极管模型, 给出光伏阵列的仿真方法。其次提出基于遗传算法的光伏阵列拓扑结构的优化方法, 采用序列编码方式, 将光伏阵列拓扑结构转化为染色体编码, 通过染色体基因位的交叉变异实现光伏阵列拓扑结构的优化。以某太阳能飞艇为例进行仿真验证, 优化后光伏阵列平均输出功率增大2.32%, 仿真结果表明所提方法能够有效提高太阳能飞艇光伏阵列的输出功率。

Solar-powered airships rely on photovoltaic (PV) array to provide energy, but the non-uniform illumination caused by the curved surface leads to energy loss of PV array. Genetic algorithm is introduced into the research of PV array optimization. By optimizing the topology of the PV array, the mismatch losses between PV modules are reduced and therefore the purpose of increasing the output power is achieved. Firstly, based on the single diode model of PV cell, the simulation method of PV array is given. Secondly, an optimization method based on genetic algorithm for PV array topology is proposed. By coding sequence, PV array topology is converted into chromosome coding, and PV array topology is optimized by the crossover and mutation of chromosome. Taking a solar airship as an example, the simulation shows that the average output power of the PV array increases by 2.32% after optimization. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the output power of the PV array.