为了研究304不锈钢及其激光熔覆件的小孔钻削工艺性, 利用永年YLC-3000激光熔覆成形机制备了以45钢为基材、304不锈钢合金粉末为熔覆材料的激光熔覆件, 并对熔覆件表面的宏观形貌、截面显微组织及显微硬度进行了分析。采用单因素试验设计, 并结合小直径麻花钻对304不锈钢及其激光熔覆件进行了小孔钻削试验, 对比分析了两者在不同主轴转速和进给速度条件下的钻削力和切屑形态的变化。结果表明: 与304不锈钢相比, 304不锈钢激光熔覆件的材料塑性降低, 钻削力减小, 切屑形态发生明显变化。

In order to study the small hole drilling process of 304 stainless steel and its laser cladding parts, the laser cladding parts with 45 steel as substrate and 304 stainless steel alloy powder as coating material are prepared by using Yongnian YLC-3000 laser coating forming mechanism. The macroscopic morphology, cross section microstructure and microhardness of the surface of the coating are analyzed. The small hole drilling tests of 304 stainless steel and its laser cladding parts are carried out by using single factor experimental design and small diameter twist drill. The changes of drilling force and chip morphology of 304 stainless steel and its laser cladding parts under different spindle speed and feed speed are compared and analyzed. The results show that compared with 304 stainless steel, the plasticity of 304 stainless steel decreases, the drilling force decreases, and the chip morphology changes obviously.