实验采用激光选区熔化制造工艺成型316L合金, 采用正交实验法, 选定以激光功率P、铺粉厚度h。扫描间距d及扫描速度s四个工艺参数为实验变量, 分析不同工艺参数对成型零件的致密度和表面硬度的影响,得到P=140 W, s=250 mm/s, h=0.03 mm, d=0.08 mm的条件时, 可以得到成型样品的表面硬度为431.9 HV, 致密度为96.49%, 是一组具有较好性能的成型样品; 从输入能量角度分析316L粉末成型的能量区间。结合正交实验, 对四个主要参数进行量化关系分析, 用成型质量将值分为四个区间, 当491.43 J·cm-3<φ2<802.67 J·cm-3时, 成型件的致密度大约在95.21%以上, 表面硬度值在338.5 HV以上。具有和316L铸造成型件近似的性能。

In this experience, 316L alloy was fabricated by selective laser melting process, and laser power P and powder thickness h were selected by orthogonal experiment. Four processing parameters, and scanning distance D and scanning speeds, were used as experimental variables the effects of different processing parameters on the density and surface hardness of the mounded parts. When P=140 W, s=250 mm/s, h=0.03 mm, d=0.08 mm, the surface hardness of the mounded samples was 431.9 HV and the density was 96.49%, which was a group of moulded samples with good properties. From the perspective of surface quality, the input energy range needed for 316L powder forming is analyzed. Combined with orthogonal experiment, the four main parameters are analyzed in quantitative relationship. The value is divided into four ranges by forming surface quality. At this time, 491.43 J·cm-3<φ2<802.67 J·cm-3, the compactness of the formed part is about 95.21%, and the surface hardness is above 338.5 HV, which has similar performance index with the cast formed part.