通过再沉淀法制备了富勒烯C60/酞菁的复合纳米微粒。这种复合纳米微粒由于C60分子和酞菁分子间的π-π相互作用而具有电子给体-受体(donor-acceptor)结构,而且这种微粒的尺寸可通过选择再沉淀过程中使用的溶剂来进行控制。此外,这种微粒与Nafion结合后,表现出去除三甲胺的光催化性能,而且其光催化活性优于C60微粒/Nafion或酞菁微粒/Nafion复合物。该结果表明电子给体-受体结构可通过促进有机半导体的电荷分离来增强光催化的性能,从而揭示了一种新颖的基于电子给体-受体结构的有机光催化剂。

Organic semiconductor nanoparticles composed of fullerene C60 and/or metal-free phthalocyanine (denoted as Pc) were synthesized by a reprecipitation method, in which N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solutions dissolving C60 and/or Pc were injected into another solvent (e.g., water or ethanol, denoted as poor solvent). The π-π interaction between C60 and Pc molecules in the mixed NMP solution was confirmed as observing charge-transfer absorption band in the absorption spectrum. Therefore, it is presumed that the prepared composite nanoparticles consist of donor-acceptor (D-A) structure, which is in accordance with the X-ray diffraction result. The nanocomposites’ average size and morphology can be controlled by using different poor solvents or varying volume ratio of the NMP solutions to the poor solvent. Moreover, the obtained nanoparticles combined with Nafion were used as photocatalysts to remove trimethylamine (TMA). The sample containing the nanocomposites showed better activity to remove TMA than that containing only C60 or Pc nanoparticles under visible light, indicating that D-A structure is helpful to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles. The present research demonstrated a novel organic photocatalyst featuring D-A structure.