随着激光技术在众多科学领域的应用,激光波段大气透过率的实时获取尤为重要。基于测量和模拟结果研究,提出基于太阳辐射计的宽谱直接辐射测量提取红外波段激光大气透过率的方法,该方法低成本、高时效、可同时获得多波段的激光大气透过率。对比研制的ISP型近红外太阳辐射计与POM02的实测结果可知:对应波段透过率和水汽总量误差都小于7%;由1.31 μm与1.32 μm分别提取到1.315 μm波段的透过率,两者误差小于4%,提取的误差与水汽含量成正比,并由1.32 μm反演得到水汽总量,与0.94 μm反演得到的水汽总量结果对比,误差小于10%。因此,在无0.94 μm波段测量时,可以考虑用1.32 μm波段反演水汽总量。将该方法与激光传输评估软件根据实时测量的大气参数模拟计算得到的1.315 μm激光大气透过率进行对比,误差小于6%。该方法对激光工程在实际大气中的应用具有参考价值。

Obtaining real-time laser atmospheric transmittance is crucial for laser technology applications in many scientific fields. Based on measurements and research on simulations, a method using the sun-photometer direct radiation measurements to extract infrared laser atmospheric transmittance is proposed herein. The method is effective, inexpensive, and can be used simultaneously for multiple laser wavebands. Compared with the measurements obtained using a POM02-type sun-photometer, errors of transmittance and precipitable water measured using a homemade ISP-type near-infrared sun-photometer are less than 7%. The 1.315-μm transmittance is extracted from 1.31-μm and 1.32-μm data. The extraction errors proportional to the precipitable water are less than 4% for two sun-photometers. Compared with precipitable water reversed from 0.94-μm data, the extraction error of precipitable water reversed from 1.32-μm data is less than 10%. Therefore, the precipitable water can be reversed from 1.32-μm data when 0.94-μm data is not available. The statistical error of 1.315-μm laser atmospheric transmittance calculated by the proposed method is less than 6% compared with the results calculated using laser transmission evaluation software based on real-time measurements of atmospheric parameters. This method is valuable for laser engineering applications in the real atmosphere.