针对不锈钢搭接激光焊缝,研究了基于激光测距传感的焊缝表面状态非接触式高精度检测方法。在分析焊缝表面粗糙度、工件倾斜等随机因素对焊缝表面状态检测结果影响的基础上,采用移动均值滤波及图像倾斜修正处理等方法,开发了检测数据滤波及检测结果校正算法。基于激光焊缝表面检测轮廓曲线的特征点识别建立了激光焊缝表面余高/下塌量的检测计算模型。结果表明:检测分析获得的激光焊缝表面轮廓曲线与相应的金相检测结果吻合良好,很好地反映了焊缝的表面状态。

A noncontact and high-precision detection method based on laser ranging sensing is investigated for measuring the surface profiles of stainless steel lap laser weld joints. The influences of roughness and inclination of the workpiece surface on detection results are also studied. Moving-mean filtering and image tilting correction methods are adopted, and a detection data filtering and correction algorithm is developed. Based on feature point recognition of the detected profile curves of laser weld joints, a method for detecting and calculating the residual and collapse heights of laser welding joints is established. Results show that the profile curves of laser welding joints obtained by these methods are in good agreement with the corresponding metallographic detection results; additionally, weld-surface conditions are well reflected