强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32 (2): 025013, 网络出版: 2020-03-18  

4 MV/80 kA IVA型脉冲X射线照相装置研制进展 下载: 678次

Status of radiographic X-ray source driven by 4 MV, 80 kA induction voltage adder
作者单位
西北核技术研究院 强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室,西安 710024
摘要
介绍了西北核技术研究院研制的4 MV脉冲X射线闪光照相装置(“剑光二号”)系统组成和实验结果。装置基于感应电压叠加器(IVA)驱动阳极杆箍缩二极管(RPD)技术,主要由前级脉冲功率源、感应电压叠加器和RPD等组成。前级脉冲功率源由两台3.2 MV低电感Marx发生器和四路同轴水介质线组成。每台Marx同时给两路脉冲形成线(特征阻抗6 Ω、电气长度30 ns)充电,充电峰值时间约370 ns。每路水介质线采用两级脉冲压缩,为感应腔馈入约1 MV/160 kA/60 ns电脉冲。电触发SF6气体开关、自击穿水开关分别用作主同步开关和脉冲陡化开关。感应电压叠加器采用四级1.5 MV感应腔串联,每级感应腔采用单点馈入结构。次级采用真空绝缘传输线实现电压叠加和功率传输,特征阻抗由30 Ω线性增大至120 Ω。采用4 MV电压下综合性能较优的RPD来产生强脉冲X射线。装置目前达到技术指标:输出电压4.3 MV、脉冲前沿(10%~90%) 21 ns、半高宽约70 ns、二极管电流85 kA,X射线半高宽约55 ns,整机延时(从Marx触发器输出到X射线产生)约749 ns,标准偏差约7 ns。当RPD阳极采用直径2 mm钨针时,正前方1 m处剂量约15.5 rad(LiF),正向焦斑约1.4 mm。
Abstract
This paper presents the design details and experiment results of a 4 MV facility developed for flash X-ray radiography in Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology (NINT). The facility is based on the technology of an induction voltage adder (IVA) driving a rod pinch diode (RPD). The facility mainly consists of the prime power source, induction voltage adder, and RPD. The prime power source consists of two 3.2 MV low-inductance Marx generators and four deionized-water coaxial lines. Each Marx generator charges two 6 Ω, 30 ns pulse forming lines (PFLs) in less than 370 ns. There exist two-stage pulse compressions for each pulseline, providing four forward waves with peak voltages of 1 MV at current of 160 kA with a duration time of 60 ns. Four electrically-triggered SF6 gas switches serve as energy transfer switches from PFLs to outlines, and then four self-breakdown water switch are used to sharpen the risetime and reduce the prepulse. The IVA consists of four-stage induction cavities stacked in series, each of which almost operates at 1.5 MV voltage. A vacuum insulated transmission line (without magnetic insulation) is used for power addition. The RPD is chosen to create X rays through bremsstrahlung. At present, the IVA could produce a 4.3 MV voltage with a risetime (10%-90%) of 21 ns and a FWHM time of 70 ns. The diode current is about 85 kA, and the FWHM time of X rays is about 55 ns. The delay time from Marx trigger to the X-ray output is about 749 ns, with a standard deviation of about 7 ns. With a 2-mm diameter tungsten rod used, the X-ray dose is about 15.5 rad (LiF) at 1 m straight ahead, and the spot size is about 1.4 mm.

魏浩, 尹佳辉, 张鹏飞, 孙凤举, 邱爱慈, 梁天学, 曾江涛, 姜晓峰, 王志国, 孙江, 刘文元, 呼义翔. 4 MV/80 kA IVA型脉冲X射线照相装置研制进展[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32(2): 025013. Hao Wei, Jiahui Yin, Pengfei Zhang, Fengju Sun, Aici Qiu, Tianxue Liang, Jiangtao Zeng, Xiaofeng Jiang, Zhiguo Wang, Jiang Sun, Wenyuan Liu, Yixiang Hu. Status of radiographic X-ray source driven by 4 MV, 80 kA induction voltage adder[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32(2): 025013.

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