传统的跳角测量方法存在测量效率低、误差大、实用性差、测量范围窄等问题。针对这些问题,提出一种基于改进最小二乘法的火炮跳角测量方法。该方法采用改进圆拟合算法检测炮口图像的中心位置,并在双目摄像机的标定下得出火炮射击目标点的坐标位置,将炮口图像中心位置瞄准火炮射击目标后实弹射击。在数据处理中,计算得出火炮射击初速度矢量的方向,结合炮口图像中心位置与射击目标的瞄准方向,最终得出火炮跳角的实际测量值。实验结果表明,改进算法包含的参数少,目标函数简单,计算复杂度低,在缩短计算时间的同时还提高了炮口图像中心定位的精确度。测量结果显示,跳角实测值精度误差在0.5'之内,验证了跳角测量系统的准确性。

Traditional methods measuring the gun’s jump angle have the disadvantages of low measurement efficiency, large error, weak practicability, and narrow measurement range. Aiming at these problems, a gun’s jump angle measurement method based on the improved least-squares algorithm is proposed. The method uses the improved circle fitting algorithm to detect the center position of the muzzle image, and obtains the coordinates of the gun shooting target point under the calibration of the binocular cameras. The target is collimated with the center position of the muzzle image and then shot. In data processing, direction of the gun initial velocity vector is calculated and used to obtain the actual measurement result of the gun’s jump angle, combined with the center position of the muzzle image and the aiming direction of the shooting target. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm is with fewer parameters, simple objective function, and low computational complexity, and it shortens the calculation time and improves the accuracy of the muzzle image center positioning. The measurement results show that the accuracy of the measured jump angle is within 0.5', which verifies the accuracy of the jump angle measurement system.