深空光通信是满足未来深空探测高速数据传输的主要技术途径，也是未来中国深空测控网发展的主要技术方向。特别是伴随着智能化、网络化空间通信系统的发展，射频和光通信相结合的智能空间通信网络将成为支持未来深空探测任务的核心设施。文中结合中国未来月球和深空探测发展规划，以中国现有深空测控网的任务支持能力为基础，梳理了未来深空测控光通信的需求。在充分借鉴国内外最新研究成果的基础上，全面分析了建设深空光通信系统地球终端的技术途径。结合中国国情的实际，提出了分步进行系统建设、分阶段开展工程应用，构建天地基相结合的混合深空光通信地面系统，并最终形成中国完全自主的深空光通信认知网络的发展思路。

Deep space optical communication is the main technical approach of high speed data transmission to meet the future deep space exploration, and the main technical direction for the China Deep Space TT&C Network development. Especially with the development of intelligent and networked space communication system, the intelligent space communication network combining RF and optical communication will become the core facilities to support future deep space exploration missions. This paper combines China future lunar and deep space exploration development plan, based on the mission support capability of China Deep Space TT&C Network, the requirements of future deep space optical communication are sorted out. On the basis of learning from the latest research results, this paper analyzes the technical approach of constructing the earth terminal of deep space optical communication system. Based on the actual situation of China, this paper puts forward the development idea of constructing the mixed deep space optical communication ground system with space relay terminal and earth terminal, and finally forming the cognitive network of deep space optical communication.