基于光纤传输的时间同步技术具有高精度、高稳定度和低损耗等优点,已成为高精度时间同步的主要方法,具有较强的应用需求和发展前景。双向比对技术中,光纤时间同步方法应用广泛,国内外相关机构在此领域不断提出新方法、新技术和新应用。在梳理光纤双向比对技术研究历史和进展的基础上,介绍了4种主流双向比对方案的基本原理和技术特点,并分析同步系统的不确定性和误差来源及其对时间同步结果的影响。为进一步提高光纤时间同步精度,建立更高精度、安全稳定的地基授时体系提供参考。

Time synchronization technology based on optical fiber transmission has the advantages of high precision, high stability, and low loss. It has become the main method for high-precision time synchronization, with robust application requirements and development prospects. Bidirectional comparison technology is a widely used optical fiber time synchronization method, and relevant institutions (locally and internationally) continue to propose new methods, technologies, and applications in this field. Furthermore, by combining the research history and progress of optical fiber bidirectional alignment technologies, this paper introduces the basic principles and technical characteristics of four mainstream bidirectional comparison schemes. The uncertainties and sources of errors of the synchronization system and their impact on time synchronization results are analyzed. Accordingly, this study provides a reference to further improve the accuracy of optical fiber time synchronization and establish a high-precision, safe, and stable ground-based timing system.