主要从两方面对激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术进行综述,一是LIBS定性分析方法在元素快速监测方面的优势,以及基于LIBS的高空间分辨能力绘制元素相对含量分布图,全面观察元素在植株器官不同部位的分布情况;二是LIBS技术在土壤、植物中营养元素及重金属定量分析方面的进展及存在的问题。LIBS技术对金属元素的测定敏感度要优于对非金属元素的测定敏感度。测定非金属元素时,需要通入稀有气体来消除大气的影响;测定金属元素时,则需要通过无标定LIBS技术和光学薄LIBS技术解决金属元素自吸收的影响。

In this paper, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is summarized from two aspects. The first is the advantages of LIBS qualitative analysis method in element rapid monitoring and drawing the relative content distribution diagram of elements based on high spatial resolution ability of LIBS to comprehensively observe the distribution of elements in different parts of plant organs. The second is the progress and existing problems of LIBS in quantitative analysis of nutrient elements and heavy metals in soil and plants. The sensitivity of this technology to the determination of metal elements is better than that of nonmetallic elements. For the determination of nonmetallic elements, inert gases are need to eliminate atmospheric effects; for the determination of metal elements, the effects of self-absorption of metal elements can be solved by uncalibrated LIBS and optical thin LIBS.