针对多光谱相机的整机设计秉承集成化、小型化和超轻质的设计理念,提出一种结合最小尺寸约束的变密度拓扑优化与多目标集成优化的设计方法,并借助此途径完成空间离轴微晶反射镜及背部支撑结构(消热芯轴、柔节和背板)的优化设计。对于尺寸为218 mm×166 mm的反射镜,质量为0.917 kg,轻量化率为71.3%,并对加工装配好的反射镜组件开展工程环境试验和面形干涉检测。试验结果表明,环境试验前后的反射镜镜面面形的方均根值均优于1/50λ,检测波长λ=632.8 nm,基频为397.8 Hz,满足光学系统的设计要求以及卫星平台对光学载荷的要求,验证所提方法的可行性和正确性。

This study proposes a design method combining variable density topology optimization and multi-objective integration optimization with minimum size constraints for the overall design of multispectral cameras, adhering to the design concept of integration, miniaturization, and ultra-lightweight. This approach is used for spatial separation, and the optimized design of an axis microcrystalline mirror and a back support structure (heat dissipation mandrel, flexible joint, and backplate). The mirror has an aperture of 218 mm×166 mm, mass of 0.917 kg, and weight reduction rate of 71.3%. In addition, the processed and assembled reflector components are subjected to engineering environmental tests and surface interference detection. Test results show that the root mean square value of the mirror surface before and after the environmental test is greater than 1/50λ, detection wavelength λ=632.8 nm, and fundamental frequency is 397.8 Hz, meeting the design requirements of an optical system and optical satellite platform. Load requirements validate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method.