针对实际工作中的光学元件表面粒子污染，以米氏理论为基础，分析了在风沙地区空气中污染颗粒（以SiO₂为主）对入射激光能量的吸收效应。此外，进一步分析空气洁净度、元件工作面的朝向以及放置时间等对光学元件表面吸收特性的影响。结果表明，空气洁净度等级越高、元件工作面朝上、放置时间越久，光学元件的表面吸收能力越强。研究成果可为实际应用中光学系统的镜面污染控制提供理论参考。

Aiming at the particle contamination on the surface of optical components in practical work, based on Mie theory, the absorption of incident laser energy by polluted particles (mainly SiO₂) in the air in sandy areas was discussed. In addition, the effects of air cleanliness, orientation of working face and placement time on the surface absorption characteristics of optical components were further analyzed. The results show that the higher the air cleanliness level is, the optical component face up and the longer exposure time are, would make the surface absorption of the optical component stronger. The research results can provide guidance for pollution control of optical system in practical applications.